The Unfinished free essay sample

The Societies of the West: most arid territory contained wettest, lushest lat plains/ high mountains many people The Western Tribes: Indians- most important western population before white migration most indigineous some forced west of mississippi pattern of civilization developed 300,000 indians lived on pacific coast before arrival of spanish settlers support through fishing, foraging, simple agriculture. Peublo’s in south west established permanent settlement **plains indians** made up of many tribes/ languages farmers less vs. buffalo hunter horse bison/ beffalo provided economy flesh- food; skin- materials, used all parts plains warriors whites biggest foes mid 19th c ioux, arapaho, cheyene, -powerful alliance greatest â€Å"tribe† ecological- economic decline vulnerable to disease **indian disadvantages** 1840’s- long term battle; fall economically and industry Hispanic New Mexico: 1840’s. U. S acquired mexican residents farming/ trading 17th C more recent- cattle/ sheep ranching anglo americans established territory ignoring the 50,000 hipanics worried land would be confiscated 1847 taos indians rebelled killed new gov/ anglo american officials subdues by US army US organized gov in 1850 US broke power of tibes led to hispanic migration 1880’s-90’s railroads ew economic activity nre mexican immigration looking for work got lowest paying least stable jobs Hispanic. We will write a custom essay sample on The Unfinished or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Asian Stereotypes Essay Essays

Asian Stereotypes Essay Essays Asian Stereotypes Essay Essay Asian Stereotypes Essay Essay Stereotypes are everyplace in today’s society. The media today such as telecasting. wireless. and the cyberspace invariably remind us of the stereotypes for different races. genders. faiths. and legion other classs. Stereotypes of Asians in peculiar have been around for a reasonably nice length of clip. In the late nineteenth century. the term â€Å"Chinky Chink† was used to depict the American fright that a big figure of Asians would immigrate to the United States. Americans were afraid that the Asiatic immigrants would â€Å"invade† the state and take occupations off from Americans. At this clip. many anti-Asian feelings were expressed. particularly on the West Coast. through headlines such as â€Å"The ‘Yellow Peril† ( Los Angeles Times. 1886 ) . In 1924. the Immigration Act was passed. restricting the figure of Asians allowed into the United States because by so they were considered an â€Å"undesirable† race. Racism back so finally evolved into the stereotype ingrained in today’s society. One of the more common Asiatic stereotypes in our universe specifically pertains to East Asians. East Asia as a phrase normally refers to the states of China and Japan. as the chief states subject to stereotyping. By and large. Asians are portrayed as being smart in topics such as math or scientific discipline. hardworking. politically nescient. and really polite and unoffending. They are besides portrayed as holding no peripheral vision. which purportedly leads to bad drive. Common stereotypes are soldierly creative persons. geeks. and aliens. Bing aliens. Asians are attributed to talking hapless English and replacing the letters â€Å"-l† and â€Å"-r† with each other. Mumbling random bunk and utilizing words that rhyme on â€Å"-ng† sounds like â€Å"ching. Chang Jiang chong† is another word picture normally associated with Asians. Asiatics in America are considered to be inadaptable. inherently fixed in their ain civilization and unable to go truly American. A common stereotype for Asiatic parents is that they merely care about their children’s classs and academic hereafter. They don’t let their childs to travel out with their friends. as parents of other ethnicities are wont to make. Alternatively. boies and girls of Asiatic parents are told to remain place. analyze difficult. acquire into a good esteemed college. and unrecorded life with a high-paying. high-status occupation. Old Chinese and Nipponese people are described as being highly wise with long face funguss. the image drawn from the Chinese philosopher Confucius. East Asiatic nutrient is stereotyped every bit good. the most well-known Chinese nutrient among Westerns being egg axial rotations. â€Å"chow mein† . and â€Å"chow fun† . and fortune cookies. Surprisingly plenty. most of the â€Å"Chinese food† Westerns love to eat is about 100 % a Western version of the original. The fortune cooky we know today was invented in America. non China as most nescient people believe. Asiatic stereotypes based on physical visual aspects besides exist. During World War II. attempts were made to separate â€Å"enemy† Nipponese from â€Å"friendly† Chinese merely through physical visual aspect hence taking to farther stereotyping and the ascription of physical traits to each group. Such stereotypes include aslant eyes for slits. In the yesteryear. Asiatic work forces in peculiar have been thought to be reasonably feminine. The chief ground for this stereotype lies in the fact that Asians used to make what was considered â€Å"women’s work. † These Asiatic workers were. as a whole. shorter than the mean American adult male. sported long plaits. and sometimes wore long silk gowns. Chinese work forces were seen as an economic menace to the white work force so Torahs were passed that prevented the Chinese from working in many different industries. Due to those Torahs. Asians were forced to make what was deemed â€Å"women’s work† by the society at the clip. In the media. Asiatic work forces were frequently compared to white adult females. Two of import fictional Asiatic characters in America’s cultural history are Fu Manchu and Charlie Chan. Both were created by white writers Sax Rohmer and Earl Biggers in the early 1900s. Fu Manchu is an intelligent. evil Chinese liquidator with secret plans of universe domination. He is the image of America’s imaginativeness of a purportedly cryptic and baleful Asiatic race. On the other manus. Charlie Chan is a submissive Chinese investigator who solves instances while courteously accepting or disregarding the legion racialist abuses thrown at him by the white American characters. Charlie is the image of America’s position of a â€Å"good† Asiatic. Both characters found immense popularity in many novels and positions. Through these two characters invented by white Americans nevertheless. the American consciousness has been disillusioned with these stereotypes of Asians. As Asiatic work forces have stereotypes. Asiatic adult females besides have stereotypes created chiefly through the heads of kinky Americans. Asiatic adult females have been described as aggressive sexual existences. Western civilization has promoted stereotypes of Asiatic adult females. naming them â€Å"Dragon Ladies† . â€Å"China dolls† . and â€Å"Geisha misss. † Harmonizing to UC Berkeley Professor of Asiatic American Studies Elaine Kim. this stereotype of Asiatic adult females being submissive sex objects impedes their economic flexibleness and has caused the addition in demand of cultural erotica. Stereotyped portraitures of Asiatic adult females created by sexist white work forces continue to be a presence in films despite their now disguised signifier. Research workers have theorized that the common stereotypes today could perchance be act uponing the perceptual experience of Asians’ ability and chance of gaining managerial places. The stereotypes affecting Asians as swots. submissive. and quiet leads to the mentality that Asians are a good labour beginning. Therefore. this leads to the outlook that Asians are unqualified leaders. Because our society today values individualism. Asians find it highly difficult to suit in with these outlooks. due to their original values of close households and groups. This stereotype has sometimes led to Asiatic employees being taken advantage of and lowers the likeliness for Asiatic professionals to be considered for a direction place. Asians are purportedly extremely qualified scientists and applied scientists. but missing features for leading places. Among all other racial groups. Asiatics have the least opportunity of progressing into leading places. A form has been created of instruction assisting entry into professional Fieldss. over-representation in proficient Fieldss. but under-representation in executive places. The stereotype that Asiatic pupils are geniuses prevents them from accepting academic and emotional jobs and inquiring for aid. Whether they are stand outing or holding jobs. it is imperative to admit that Asiatic pupils may be sing school. societal. and household emphasiss in order to continue their theoretical account Asiatic image. Pigeonholing Asians additions peer favoritism such as being threatened. holding racialist remarks said to them. and being excluded from activities. By merely concentrating on the Asiatic stereotype of exceeding pupils and generalising all Asians with it. this theoretical account does non take into consideration the big figure of Asiatic American pupils and their households who suffer from poorness and illiteracy. WORKS CITED Chen. Tina T. â€Å"Asian American Empowerment. † Model Minority. May 2004. Department of Psychology. Pennsylvania State University. 15 Dec. 2008. Kim. Angelea. and Christine J. Yeh. â€Å"Stereotypes of Asiatic American Students. † ERIC Digest. 15 Dec. 2008. â€Å"Stereotype: East Asiatic stereotypes. † Wikipedia. 14 Dec. 2008. â€Å"Stereotypes of East and Southeast Asians in the United States. † Wikipedia. 14 Dec. 2008. ? Response By making this undertaking. I have learned much about stereotypes and basically racism against Asians. Prior to making this undertaking. I had already known some stereotypes. even some which were used on me. Among some of those I knew are Asians as smart pupils. Asiatic parents as really academic focused. and Asians that have hapless English and drive. In world. I had planned on composing a research paper on stereotypes in general. but there likely would’ve been excessively many facets to cover. Therefore. I decided to take a individual stereotype. which was the East Asiatic stereotype. Through researching. I have learned many different stereotypes for Asians. For illustration. I now know different stereotypes refering to Asiatic work forces every bit good as Asiatic adult females. While composing my research paper. I was instead surprised at the figure of stereotypes I was unaware of. On the other manus. I already knew some of the stereotypes mentioned. It was merely a affair of taking some of the stereotypes in my ain life to add inside informations to the stereotypes I found online. By the clip I finished researching and composing my paper. I felt like I knew dozenss more about Asian stereotypes than I had before. It was a spot saddening to see how many wholly incorrect constructs there are today of Asians. Although I am Asiatic myself. I do non happen any discourtesy in any of these stereotypes for I know that they are non true. They may use to a bulk of the Asiatic American population. but I rest in the cognition that I can be an exclusion to the stereotypes set by today’s society.

Understanding and Using Latin Adverbs

Understanding and Using Latin Adverbs Adverbs as Particles Adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections are called particles. Adverbs in Latin, as in English, modify other words in the sentence, especially verbs. Adverbs also modify adjectives and other adverbs. In English, the ending -ly, added to an adjective, makes it easy to identify many adverbs: He walked slowly- where slowly modifies the word walked, and where slow is the adjective. In Latin, adverbs are mainly formed from adjectives and participles. Latin adverbs provide information in a sentence about manner, degree, cause, place, or time. Regular Formations of Adverbs From Adjectives In Latin, some adverbs are formed by adding an ending to an adjective. For first and second declension adjectives, a long -e replaces the ending. Instead of the adjective carus, -a, -um (dear), the adverb is care.To adjectives from the third declension, -ter is added. From the adjective fortis brave, the adverb form is fortiter.The neuter accusative of some adjectives is also the adverb. Multum many becomes multum much as an adverb.The formation of other adverbs is more complicated. Some Adverbs of Time quando? when?cum whentum thenmox presently, sooniam alreadydum whileiam pridem long agoprimum firstdeinde next afterhodie todayheri yesterdaynunc nowpostremo finallypostquam as soon asnumquam neversaepe oftencotidie every daynondum not yetcrebro frequentlypridie the day beforesemper alwaysumqam everdenique at last Adverbs of Place hic herehuc hitherhinc from hereibi thereeo thither, to thereillic therequo whitherunde whenceubi whereundique from everywhereibidem in the same placeeodem to the same placequovis anywhereusque all the way tointro inwardlynusquam nowhereporro further oncitro to this side Adverbs of Manner, Degree, or Cause quam how, astam soquamvis however muchmagis morepaene almostvalde greatlycur whyquare whyergo thereforepropterea because, on this accountita sosic sout as, howvix hardly Interrogative Particles whether: an, -ne, utrum, utrumne, numwhether not nonne, annonwhether at all numquid, ecquid Negative Particles not non, haud, minime, ne, neclest nenor neque, necnot only ... but also non modo ... verum/sed etiamnot only not ... but not even non modo ... sed ne ... quidemnot even ne ... quidemif not si minusso as not quo minus, quominuswhy not? quin Comparison of Adverbs To form the comparative of an adverb, take the neuter accusative of the adjectival form. clarus, clara, clarum, clear (adjective, m, f, and n)clarior, clarius, clearer (adjective in the comparative, m/f and n)clare, clearly (adverb)clarius, more clearly (adverb in the comparative) There are also irregular comparative forms. The superlative is formed from the superlative of the adjective, ending in -e. clarissimus, -a, -um, most clear (superlative adjective, m, f, and n)clarissime, most clearly (superlative adverb) Source Allen and Greenoughs New Latin Grammar

Aspiration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Aspiration - Essay Example Aspiration could be consequential and come with the risk of leading to a type of pneumonia known as aspiration pneumonia. Aspiration is generally being identified to be common in some people than others. For example, patients who suffer dysphagia stand a higher risk of being affected with aspiration and on a very regular basis. Dysphagia could pose a risk to patients because it is the difficulty in swallowing and such difficulty commonly leads to misplacement of food or fluid particles. It is also said that the male to female ratio of risk is 2:1 (Medscape, 2012). What this means is that there are more males who are at risk to aspiration than females. It is for this reason that the control of aspiration is an important issue to health practitioners. Symptoms of aspiration are varying and often dependent on the level of risk. Most commonly however, aspiration will be characterized by coughing, choking, fever, chills, leakage of food from mouth, shortness of breath and wet voice after swallowing (University of Wisconsin, 2012) The National Safety Council is quoted as stating that choking is the forth leading cause of unintentional injury death (Medscape, 2012). There are other critical effects that adults and other sufferers of aspiration face. Some of these include a permanent expansion of one’s lungs or trachea (Selius and Subedi, 2008). Once such permanent damages take place, the resorting long term consequence is that there could be the development of dyspahgia, which in its self is a risk factor to getting aspiration. Practitioners often want to use the term conservative management because they have a feeling that aspiration is best treated when taken care of at the initial stage. To this effect, some of the treatments prescribed include the need to place children in upright positions, not putting children in seated position after ninety minues of feeding, raising head of bed to 300,

Comparative criminal justice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Comparative criminal justice - Assignment Example I found these three aspects interesting because they aim at making a prison stay comfortable. While prisoners should not live in squalid conditions, they still seem to be tended to with great care and many options to ensure that they thrive while in prison. The difference between prisoners’ rights and prisoners’ privileges is that rights must be granted to all prisoners, while privileges must be earned based on good behavior. Rights are determined by government and privileges are determined by the individual prisons and are not offered to all prisoners. A prisoner has the right and is entitled to healthcare and protection from bullying by other prisoners, but they must earn the opportunities to receive additional visits from friends and family. At the reception on the first day, prisoners are checked in and assigned numbers. They are interviewed and assessed so that they understand the rules of the prison and their rights, as well as available courses and required healthcare. All new prisoners are strip searched, and then given prison-standard clothing. The prisoners are then inspected by a nurse to determine if a prisoner is under the influence of drugs or prescribed medication, or are feeling suicidal. In the case that a prisoner is violent or considered a risk to themselves or others, segregation cells are made available for the prisoner to remain for a short period of time. Female prisoners are allowed to keep their infants with them in prison if the child is under eighteen months, or the woman gives birth while in prison, and the admissions board deems the situation required for the well-being of the infant. If the prisoner is denied their child or if the child is older than eighteen months, or if there are no available mother-baby units in any potential prison, outside arrangements must be made for the care of the child. Such arrangements can be made with family or Social Services, who will see to it that the child is cared for in a

Treaty of Versailles Essay Example for Free

Treaty of Versailles Essay As solders on the battlefields celebrated, families reunited, and the unlucky ones mourned, the war was finally over, as of 11 o clock on the morning of November 11th in 1918 (Vaughan, 1-2). The solders that survived came home, and the unlucky ones did not; some families united, and other families mourned for their loved ones. Everybody started celebrating the end of the first major war, where so many young lives were lost; so many people were permanently scarred for life or suffered horrible war-injuries (Vaughan, 1-2). The Treaty of Versailles was the treaty formed at the end of World War I, which many historians say caused the next major war, WWII. The reason for this, they say, is because of too many harsh laws included in the treaty, which put the full blame of Germany. Germany was blamed, because they lost the war, and so every other country used them as easy scapegoat, for all of the damage and loss of lives that had just happened. Of course as the scapegoat, Germany was forced and had to pay huge amounts of reparation fees and had to give up most of their land for no real apparent reason (Vaughan, 1-2). All of these heavy burdens and mistakes were just being thrown on the Germans and their nation for no other reason than the fact that they had lost the war. Germany did not even start the war, at a matter of fact (abid). Two month later, after WWI, leaders gathered in Paris to make a treaty, the treaty of Versailles. This treaty like all treaties in history, was to help maintain peace and to prevent war. But in this case, it is not the same. The treaty actually encouraged war, than to prevent it (nv.cc.va.us). In a palace near Paris, France called Versailles, the new treaty was created. Named after the place it was written it, the treaty of Versailles was supposed to have a goal, which was of course to maintain the peace for as long as possible, like all treaties ever made. But which of course, less than twenty years went by, until the whole world experienced the biggest and deadliest war that they had ever seen, WWII (Mayer, 3365). This deadly war, WWII, affected at least every country in the world in one way or another and  the death number was in the millions. So therefore and obliviously the treaty did not do a very good (Vaughan, 1-2). The leaders who met to sign the treaty were known to the world as the Big Four, basically because the fate of Germany was put into their hands, and later the fate of WWII. This Big Four included these popular leaders: Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924), the president of the United States at the time, David Lloyd George (1863-1945), who was the prime minister of Great Britain, Georges Clemenceau (1841-1929), who was the premier of France), and finally, Vittorio Emanuele Orlando (1860-1952), the premier of France. Another name, which was not with or in the Big Four was Ulrich Von Brockdoff-Rantzau (1869-1928), and he was the leader of delegation; foreign minister who was given the treaty on behalf of Germany. He was the person who had to accept the terms or Germany would be completely annihilated (learn.co.uk). Many historians ask if the four leaders or idealists were, in definite seeking a just and lasting peace, or were they more concerned with vengeance and assurances of national security (Vaughan, 1-2)? The historians that said this quote thought that the leaders only were concerned with vengeances, and not assurances of national security, which they probably were. Many people say that the leaders were not trying to punish Germany for the cause of war, because everyone already knew that Germany in fact did not cause it, but actually were trying to help themselves to free German land and their money. Nobody really knows what were going in the minds of the Big Four, except for them, but everyone does know that whatever it was, it caused a great deal of tensions and, between Germany and the rest of Europe. (abid) A great example of a person trying to get free land at the time the treaty was being made was Georges Clemenceau, the premier of France. He wanted to detach the Rhineland, and wanted to post that in the treaty, but the president of the United States at that time, Woodrow Wilson, knew what he was up to. He knew that the premier has been looking for a way to annex Saar Basin from Germany from in which rich resource would be taken from (bbc.co.uk). The one and probably the only one positive result from WWI, was the beginning of the League of Nations, formed and organized by Woodrow Wilson, of the United States. Woodrow formed this organization which supported a way for nations and leaders throughout the world, to come together and talk instead of fight. It was a way to prevent war, basically. Woodrow Wilson invited all countries to join the league instead of use arms. Unfortunately many did not join and the idea thus became weak, just like the organization (learn.co.uk). In fact the person who created it, Woodrow Wilson withdrew from his own organization. This was after some of the other leaders wanted the organization to be restricted and not welcome Germany or other weak countries. These leaders liked Woodrows idea, except they wanted it to be an exclusive organization, and did not have the same idea as Woodrow did on this. So without the U.S. or Russia, the organization became weak, until of course W.W.II, where it was brought back up again. The League of Nations was and still is today, one of mankinds attempts to find a means of abolishing war, and maintaining peace for as long as possible (learn.co.uk). The League of Nations was a way for leaders all around the world to talk about the problem at hand, instead to quickly take arms, and cause violence. Thus this is one of mankinds attempts to maintain peace and avoid violence throughout the world. This peace treaty was acclaimed as the single official document that had the most influence on shaping the events (Vaughan, 3). The events that Vaughan was talking about, was of course WWII, and the treaty was famous, or acclaimed for causing or shaping the next war. Somewhere between the first major war, and twenty years after that, the next major war, the treaty took affect. People, mostly the Germans felt betrayed and vengeful, because of the presented treaty. In those twenty years, the treaty of Versailles was ignored and not in any way enforced by anyone. The treaty basically did not have any positive value and instead only had negative affects. For example, it made all German citizens angry, and lead up to dictatorship, or Hitler. Therefore many say that the treaty caused more harm than good, if any good at all (abid). The treaty statements would have been harsh and difficult for anyone, not just Germany, to handle. The treaty was composed of exactly 440 articles, maps, and illustrations which all commanded or told Germany what to do and what to give up (lib.byu). The list of the changes was long and harsh. The Big Four were busy making changes and playing with Germanys eastern borders, such as Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Rumania, Hungary, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Finland, Estonia, and the Rhineland (Mayer, 3365). All of these were either taken away from Germany, or were affected in some way by the terms of the treaty, as stated in Articles 27-30. The four leaders did not just want reparations, which were high enough, but even wanted to punish their enemies by taking away their land. Some countries were annexed away completely, and others were taken away from only in some parts, and all of the annexed areas were distributed among the countries that won. Ports, waterways, and even railways, all of which were German property, in the beginning, were now divided equally (Mayer, 3365). Also, the treaty talks about reducing Germanys military, naval and Germanys air-force (Articles 159 through 213), but of course since the treaty was never enforced, Hitler, who comes into play much later, does not even pay much attention to these rules (momo.essortment). On September 14, 1930, the new Nazi party was elected, and whenever Hitler, the ruler or dictator of the party, broke a rule stated in the treaty, the Germany people liked Hitler even more, because they despised the treaty. So thus everyone encouraged Hitler to build up his army, airplanes, and submarines (momo.essortment). How did Hitler come into power, and cause the deaths of billions around the world, ask historians. Or more important, how did this the treaty of Versailles affect Hitler or make him popular with the people? Well, the money was a big problem. The leaders made Germany deeply into debt, with their high-reparation fees. This of course would lead Germanys economy to  be dangerously low (Cecil, 20). The German money value decreased and the affect of that made many go into poverty. Many were asking why pay so much, even if their country did not start the war. Many lost jobs or committed suicides even, because problems were so bad (abid). So that is why the people hated the treaty of Versailles so much, especially since the treaty told them that money was not enough, and Germany had to give away their land, for free. This treaty caused not only bitterness at first, but made Europe grow a continued tension [that lasted] for the next two decades (Vaughan, 2) The treaty caused these tensions which builded and grew larger in the people, which resulted in a huge war, WWII. The people grew hatred, and did not know who to blame for all of this. Their hatred and anger turned on their government, which currently was the Weimar Republic (bbc. co.uk). During the time period of 1919 and 1923, the uprisings and trouble grew larger. Many revolutions and protests happened in the streets, all against their government. Groups like the communists, and others, like the right-wing nationalists tried to take advantage of this opportunity, by trying to overthrow the government and rule it for themselves [Everyone] blamed the government for accepting the treaty and tried to overthrow [them] (bbc.co.uk). The people or citizens did not know who to blame for the punishment that was put on them for no reason, so the people turned on their own government, and blamed them. At this time, where these uprisings were happening, a person by the name of Adolf Hitler was currently working as a spy at several anti-Semitic groups, in 1919. After fighting in WWI and suffering from poison gas, he was looking for some extra money and a temporary job from the German army, so he went and spied on these groups. Only two years later though, in 1921, his interest grew; he joined the party and soon became their leader (bbc.co.uk). As leader, Hitler tried to get as many people to join his party, as possible. He did things like change the name of the party, which included words like socialists, and nationalists so that the name would attract more people. Also he spoke to mass-audiences, and made speeches on how he would revive Germanys respect, and rule Germanys empire for more than 1,000  years (abid). Eventually, he got elected into power with the help of a friend, Paul von Hindenburg. But after he died, Hitler took the chance and became the new consensus successor or dictator. He had obtained full control over the country. After taking care of some business and eliminating those who opposed him (other parties and government institutions), he put Mein Kampf, his first plan, into full affect. This plan, was world domination and Hitler outlined this to his army generals, on November, 1937 (remember). Hitler did not just want to conquer more lands or get back the land stolen from them, but from his anti-Semitic values that he learned while working as a spy, he created dozens of death camps wherever his empire expanded to. Millions of people send to these death traps to die, and the only reason that they were sent to die was because they were considered inferior. Inferior, meaning a different religion, race, etc. (remember). Jews, homosexuals, and even the mentally handicapped were all targeted, considered to be inferior in the eyes of the racist Nazis, were all killed because of who they were, and for no other reason than that(abid). So in conclusion, did the so called peace treaty help in maintaining peace or bringing about conditions that helped Adolph Hitler rise to power to get revenge. German citizens thought that that all the stuff that Hitler was doing such as expanding Germany and killing millions was just or right; was just a common reaction from the many harsh laws inside the treaty. The people never thought that Hitler was too out of line, because they might have been too vengeful themselves or didnt have anything else on their mind, except hatred. Of course, not until the end of WWII, did everyone find the death camps, and what Hitler was really doing behind their backs. Adolph Hitler opposed the treaty while he was in power, and was supported by the Germans for so long, because of that, say historians (remember). For instance, every time he broke a law from the treaty, such as increasing his army, or expanding his borders, he would became more popular with his own people. Hitler played a significant role in causing World War II, less than twenty years later the terms of the treaty were written (abid). The person who wrote this quote told an obvious fact, Hitler did not jut play a significant role in the war, he basically caused the entire war himself. The  treaty of Versailles had ended WWI, in which millions of people, mostly young, fought and died in the belief that they were defending their homelands, their families, and their people, would soon cause another deadly war, this war even more deadlier than before. Millions of young lives and fellow citizens believed in slogans that yelled to them. Loud slogans on posters and bulletins yelled and predicted WWI to be, the war to end all wars, or the war to make the world safe for democracy (nv.cc.va.us). WWI was named these two things at the time, probably to enlist more and more people, but which of course both did not come true. WWI was not the war to end all wars, nor was it, the war that made it s afe for democracy.

Stem Cell Research is Illegal, Immoral and Unnecessary Essay -- Argume

Stem Cell Research is Illegal, Immoral and Unnecessary    President Bush's limited federal funding of research relying on the destruction of human embryos violates federal statutory law. Christians have grieved for many years over the assault on unborn human life set loose upon our nation by the Supreme Court's Roe v. Wade decision. Even that decision, however, did not affect all areas of law where lawmakers seek to protect developing human life. Because they are not covered by the Court's theory of reproductive privacy, human embryos outside the womb may be fully protected by law - and at least nine states have acted to protect these embryos from lethal experiments. In some states, destructive experimentation on human embryos is a felony. Most Christians have grave concerns on this critically important issue of embryonic stem cell research. In our view, conducting research that relies on deliberate destruction of human embryos for their stem cells is illegal, immoral and unnecessary. It is illegal because it violates an appropriations rider (the Dickey amendment) passed every year since 1995 by Congress. That provision forbids funding "research in which" human embryos (whether initially created for research purposes or not) are harmed or destroyed outside the womb.(1) National Institutes of Health guidelines approved by the Clinton Administration nonetheless give researchers detailed instructions on how to obtain human embryos for destructive cell harvesting, if they wish to qualify for federal grants in "human pluripotent stem cell research."(2) Clearly, obtaining and destroying embryos is an integral part of this project, even if the specific act of destroying embryos does not directly receive federal funds. By i... ...uman Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)-X1 Disease," 288 Science 669-72 (28 April 2000). 16. K. Foss, "Paraplegic regains movement after cell procedure," The Globe and Mail (Toronto), June 15, 2001 at A1. 17. E. Ryan et al., "Glycemic Outcome Post Islet Transplantation," Abstract #33-LB, Annual Meeting of the American Diabetes Association, June 24, 2001. See: http://38.204.37.95/am01/AnnualMeeting/Abstracts/NumberResults.asp?idAbs=33-LB. 18. M. McCullough, "Islet transplants offer hope that diabetes can be cured," Philadelphia Inquirer, June 22, 2001 at A1. 19. D. Woodbury et al., "Adult Rat and Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Differentiate Into Neurons," 61 J. of Neuroscience Research 364-70 (2000) at 364 (emphasis added). 20. D. Prockop, "Stem Cell Research Has Only Just Begun" (Letter), 293 Science 211-2 (13 July 2001)(citations omitted).

City of Bones Essay

The novel City Of Bones by Cassandra Clare follows the main character 15 year-old Clary Fray in her journey to find her missing mother. Clare takes the typical Fairy Tail and turns it upside down. The main ideas that stick out to me in this film is Love, Jealousy and prejudice. An important idea for me in the novel City Of Bones is the idea of love. In the book Clary falls the handsome Shadowhunter (half angel, half human) Jace Wayland. In the middle of all the chaos and fight they find time to fall for each other and form a powerful bond. I found it interesting how Clare wrote about love. She perceived it to be very powerful and absolute. Which i don’t disagree with, but for teenagers its very different. When she wrote of their love with such power it confused me, it also made the writing more captivating as the story unraveled and left me wanting to know what happened next. This idea made me think of societies view on young love, how society thinks young relationships don’t last and aren’t serious. It also challenged my view on the subject and made me think that it’s possible to find the one you love when you are young. â€Å"The most terrible things men do, they do in the name of love. – I think this quote shows the power that love has in this novel. I found the idea of love important because it is a clear motivator throughout the novel. An aspect I found intriguing in this novel was the requiring theme of jealously. As Clary and Jace are falling for each other Clary’s childhood best friend, Simon, gets extremely jealous. â€Å"I was trying to make you jealous! † Simon screamed at one point when he couldn’t hold it in any longer. â€Å"You’re so stupid, Clary. You’re so stupid, can’t you see anything? † Clary is oblivious to Simon’s feeling towards her. This theme made me reconsider famous love stories that also had themes of jealously, for example Elizabeth Bennett and Mr Darcy in Pride and Prejudice, Darcy was jealous of Mr Wickham. Also in Jane Eyre where Jane was Jealous of Rochester’s wife. It made me think of the writing and how jealously contributes to the love in the story. I found this requiring theme intriguing because it showed the unrequited love between Clary and Simon which I found really contributed to the novel and gave it that extra plot twist. Another aspect in the novel that I found important was the idea of prejudice. In the novel prejudice is shown against Downworlders (half demon, half human for example vampires, werewolves, warlocks etc), women and gay people. The Shadowhunters see Downworlders as scum because they are half demon, which are their natural enemy, but not all of them are bad. Prejudice is seen against women because it was only recently that women were aloud to fight against demons and even now they are seen not to be as good as the men. Being gay in the shadow world is also frowned because Shadowhunters are very proud of family and the family name so being gay won’t carry on the bloodline. So they’re good enough to let live, good enough to make your food for you, good enough to flirt with—but not really good enough? I mean, not as good as people? † – This quote is referring to Downworlders and how they are only good for somethings. I think this idea links to our society today and also parts in history because women use to not be aloud to vote and were seen as housewives just like in City of Bones. Also in the novel Downworlders are kind of treated like coloured people were in the early 18-century, expect not to the extend that the coloured people were treated. The idea of prejudice against gay people links to our society because our society is prejudice against gays. I found this idea important because it helped me see the links between the novel and real-life situations. The novel City of Bones by Cassandra Clare challenged my thinking about love, jealously and prejudice and helped me understand more about them and how they like to other novels and our society. I would definitely recommend this novel to other people so they can enjoy it as much as i did.

Becton Dickerson

In your judgment, did Becton Dickinson have an obligation to provide the safety syringe in all its sizes in 1991? Explain your position, using the materials from this chapter and the principles of utilitarianism, rights, justice, and caring Becton Dickerson is one of the largest manufacturers of medical supplies,dominates the market in disposable syringes and needles. In 1986, BectonDickinson had acquired exclusive rights to a patent for a new syringe invented byCharles B. Mothball that had a moveable protective sleeve around it. The plastictube around the syringe could slide  down to rarely cover the needle. 992, a nurse, Maryann Rockwood, used a Becton Dickinson 5 cc syringeand needle to drew blood from a patient know to be infected with AIDS. Ms. Rockwood Worked in a clinic that served AIDS patients, and she drew blood from their patients several times a day. After drawing the blood on this particular day,she transferred the AIDS contaminated blood to a retile test tube called a restrainertube by sticking the needle through the rubber stopper of the lest tube, which shewas bolding with her other hand. She accidentally pricked her finger with thecontaminated needle. She is now HIV positive.For removing this problem, on December 23. 1996, the U. S patent officeissued patent number 4,631,05y to Charles B Mitchell for a syringe with a tubesurrounding the body of the syringe that  could be pulled down to cover and  protectthe needle on the syringe. As Mitchell noted in  his patent application, those devicesall suffered from serious drawbacks. One of them would not lock the protectivecover over the exposed needle, one was extremely complex, another much longerthan a standard syringe and  difficult to use, and a fourth was designed primarily foruse on animals.So, it can be said that Becton Dickinson has not an obligation to provide thesafety syringe in all its sizes. The company decided to market only a 3 cc versionof the protective sleeve. For 5 years, B ecton Dickinson manufactured only 3 ccsafety syringes. Utilitarianism, rights, Justice and caring: The principle of Latinityrequires that wherever we have a choice between a  native actions or social policies,we must choose the one that has the best overall consequence for everyoneconcerned. Denton Dickinson had at least four other patents for needle-shieldingdevices.There included ICC, 3 cc, 5cc, and to cc syringe. However, the companydecided to market only a 3 cc version of the protective sleeve. The a cc syringes account for about help of all syringe used, although the larger size 5 cc and 10 ccstringer-are preferred by nurse when  drawing blood. Should manufacturers be held liable for failing to market all the products for which they hold exclusive patents when someone’s injury would have been avoided if they had marketed those products? Explain your answer. Yes, they should be. It is their legal and moral obligation to do so.

Free Essays on The Brazilian Coffee Industry

The Brazilian Coffee Industry Coffee beverage, a widely consumed beverage around the world, is derived from processed coffee beans (green beans). While the cultivation of coffee trees and production of coffee beans is spread among sixty countries worldwide, there is an increasingly smaller number of buyers and roasters of green coffee. Brazil and Colombia are the largest coffee producing countries, while over 70% of all coffee contracts are traded in Switzerland. The production of coffee beans is a labor intense industry since it requires handpicking of ripe beans. The production of coffee is also highly correlated to weather conditions, since the coffee tree is sensitive to low temperatures. Therefore, annual production of coffee is unpredictable until the end of the harvest season. There are currently six intermediaries in the distribution channel between the farmer and the end consumer. In the last decade there has been a trend toward consolidation and globalization, and it is expected that during this decade the number of intermediaries will decline to just three. The coffee industry is becoming more competitive as bigger players (roasters and manufacturers) are attempting to have predictable margins and stable coffee prices. On the other hand, there is a trend toward consolidation on the production side of the equation; this trend is still very slow but widely expected by analysts of the coffee industry. Besides a trend toward initiating bigger coffee plantations, there is also an obvious preference toward more technologically advanced forms of coffee culture over the traditional means. This is clear by efforts of the Colombian Institute of Coffee to utilize genetically engineered coffee plants and the initiation of large coffee plantations with state-of-the-art irrigation and support means in the state of Bahia in Brazil. Brazil is world's biggest producer of green coffee beans with approximate market share of 30%. Dependin... Free Essays on The Brazilian Coffee Industry Free Essays on The Brazilian Coffee Industry The Brazilian Coffee Industry Coffee beverage, a widely consumed beverage around the world, is derived from processed coffee beans (green beans). While the cultivation of coffee trees and production of coffee beans is spread among sixty countries worldwide, there is an increasingly smaller number of buyers and roasters of green coffee. Brazil and Colombia are the largest coffee producing countries, while over 70% of all coffee contracts are traded in Switzerland. The production of coffee beans is a labor intense industry since it requires handpicking of ripe beans. The production of coffee is also highly correlated to weather conditions, since the coffee tree is sensitive to low temperatures. Therefore, annual production of coffee is unpredictable until the end of the harvest season. There are currently six intermediaries in the distribution channel between the farmer and the end consumer. In the last decade there has been a trend toward consolidation and globalization, and it is expected that during this decade the number of intermediaries will decline to just three. The coffee industry is becoming more competitive as bigger players (roasters and manufacturers) are attempting to have predictable margins and stable coffee prices. On the other hand, there is a trend toward consolidation on the production side of the equation; this trend is still very slow but widely expected by analysts of the coffee industry. Besides a trend toward initiating bigger coffee plantations, there is also an obvious preference toward more technologically advanced forms of coffee culture over the traditional means. This is clear by efforts of the Colombian Institute of Coffee to utilize genetically engineered coffee plants and the initiation of large coffee plantations with state-of-the-art irrigation and support means in the state of Bahia in Brazil. Brazil is world's biggest producer of green coffee beans with approximate market share of 30%. Dependin...

The Challenges and Opportunities Facing HBCUs

The Challenges and Opportunities Facing HBCUs Historically black colleges and universities, or HBCUs, encompass a wide range of institutions of higher learning. There are currently 101 HBCUs in the United States, and they range from two-year community colleges to research universities that grant doctoral degrees. Most of the schools were founded shortly after the Civil War in an effort to provide African Americans access to higher education. What Is a Historically Black College or University? HBCUs exist because of the United States history of exclusion, segregation, and racism. With the end of slavery following the Civil War, African American citizens faced numerous challenges gaining access to higher education. Financial barriers and admissions policies made attendance at many colleges and universities nearly impossible for the majority of African Americans. As a result, both federal legislation and the efforts of church organizations worked to create institutions of higher learning that would provide access to African American students. The great majority of HBCUs were founded between the end of the Civil War in 1865 and the end of the 19th century. That said, Lincoln University (1854) and Cheyney University (1837), both in Pennsylvania, were established well before the end of slavery. Other HBCUs such as Norfolk State University (1935) and Xavier University of Louisiana (1915) were founded in the 20th century. The colleges and universities are called historically black because ever since the Civil Rights movement in the 1960s, HBCUs have been open to all applicants and have worked to diversify their student bodies. While many HBCUs still have predominantly black student populations, others do not. For example, Bluefield State College is 86% white and just 8% black. Kentucky State Universitys student population is roughly half African American.  However, it is more common for an HBCU to have a student body that is well over 90% black. Examples of Historically Black Colleges and Universities HBCUs are as diverse as the students who attend them. Some are public while others are private. Some are small liberal arts colleges while others are large research universities. Some are secular, and some are affiliated with a church. Youll find HBCUs that have a majority white student population while most have large African American enrollments. Some HBCUs offer doctoral programs, while some are two-year schools offering associate degrees. Below are a few examples that capture the range of HBCUs: Simmons College of Kentucky is a tiny college of just 203 students with ties to the American Baptist Church. The student population is 100% African American.North Carolina AT is a relatively large public university with over 11,000 students. Along with robust bachelor degree programs ranging from the arts to engineering, the school also has numerous masters and doctoral programs.Lawson State Community College in Birmingham, Alabama, is a two-year community college offering certificate programs and associate degrees in areas such as engineering technology, health professions, and business.Xavier University of Louisiana  is a private Roman Catholic university with 3,000 students enrolled in bachelor, masters and doctoral programs.Tougaloo College in Mississippi is a private liberal arts college of 860 students. The college is affiliated with the United Church of Christ, although it describes itself as church-related but not church controlled. Challenges Facing Historically Black Colleges and Universities As a result of  affirmative action, civil rights legislation, and changing attitudes towards race, colleges, and universities across the United States are actively working to enroll qualified African American students. This access to educational opportunities across the country is obviously a good thing, but it has had consequences for HBCUs. Even though there are over 100 HBCUs in the country, less than 10% of all African American college students actually attend an HBCU. Some HBCUs are struggling to enroll enough students, and roughly 20 colleges have closed in the last 80 years. More are likely to close in the future because of enrollment declines and fiscal crises. Many HBCUs also face challenges with retention and persistence. The mission of many HBCUs- to provide access to higher education to populations that have historically been  underrepresented  and disadvantaged- creates its own hurdles. While it is clearly worthwhile and admirable to provide opportunities for students, the results can be discouraging when a significant percentage of matriculated students are ill-prepared to succeed in college-level coursework. Texas Southern University, for example, has just a 6% four-year graduation rate, Southern University in New Orleans has a 5% rate, and numbers in the low teens and single digits are not unusual. The Best HCBUs While the challenges facing many HCBUs are significant, some schools are flourishing. Spelman College  (a womens college) and Howard University tend to top the national rankings of HCBUs. Spelman, in fact, has the highest graduation rate of any Historically Black College, and it also tends to win high marks for social mobility. Howard is a prestigious research university that grants hundreds of doctoral degrees every year. Other notable Historically Black Colleges and Universities include Morehouse College (a mens college), Hampton University, Florida AM, Claflin University, and Tuskegee University. Youll find impressive academic programs and rich co-curricular opportunities at these schools, and youll also find that the overall value tends to be high.

The Determination of Food Policy in a Modern World Essay

The Determination of Food Policy in a Modern World - Essay Example Contrary to the main point of The Omnivore Dilemma, however, that part of the difficulty for humans is choosing their food is that we have too much choice, that we can eat anything we want. The problem, however, is that we do not actually have that great a degree of choice and that the factors that determine the crops we grow are in fact outside of our control. It is impossible to simply choose better, safer, healthier, and more environmentally friendly food because the food we grow is determined by the complex interaction of population, food-consumption style, and climate. In order to truly be the masters of our destiny in terms of food production, we must control the factors that determine what food we plant. Corn is in many ways a wonder food and in many ways a dangerous food. Corn can be produced in quantities that far exceed other plants (Pollan 2006, 36), and is incredibly versatile, functioning as everything from feedstock (65) to the sugars in sodas and candies (85). This mea ns that corn is the product of choice for most food production – in a single meal, nearly everything you eat can be a corn product in some way or another (111). This leads to problems, however. Firstly, heavy reliance on a single crop is incredibly dangerous from a food security perspective - an insect that develops the ability to eat it in high quantities and resisting pesticides, or a phage that targets the plant could lead to significant food shortages. Likewise, corn products are not always the most healthy – the high-fructose corn syrup that is in nearly every junk food on the planet is associated with heart disease and diabetes, two of the most serious killers in North America. So, realistically, there would be many benefits to breaking our addiction to corn (and other similarly homogenous cereal crops) and diversifying our planting to a wider variety of food products. But unfortunately, this is near to impossible because of the pressures that actually decide wha t kinds of food we plant. Forces other than free choice force the determination of what crops we plant. The first of these forces is population. Corn and other cereal crops’ incredibly high yields have led to a population explosion the like of which the human race has never seen before. And the fact is, this means that we now need these high yield crops in order to maintain the population and avoid even greater mass starvation than is already occurring. Population in many ways forces us to grow the crops we do. The second major force is lifestyle – a great deal of the crops we produce are used to feed livestock, which are incredibly inefficient uses of food resources from the human perspective – only about one-tenth of the energy used to feed the animal a human eats actually makes it to the human(68). So the widespread consumption of meat in our society is another major factor inducing the growth of corn. A final factor is climate – as climate changes rap idly it is important to grow crops that can endure a wide variety of conditions, and corn has shown that it is able to do this – it can be grown anywhere from Brazil to Canada, and can endure significant swings in temperature, rain and so on without failing, unlike many other crops.